ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are the first steps in the development of multiple organ failure induced by sepsis. A systemic excessive inflammatory reaction is currently the accepted mechanism of the pathogenesis of sepsis. Several studies have suggested a protective role of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-β/δ (PPAR-β/δ) in related inflammatory diseases. But the role of PPARβ/δ in ALI remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and possible mechanism of PPARβ/δ in ALI induced by sepsis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was used as a sepsis model. Rats were randomly divided into four groups, the control group (CON, n = 6), sham-operation group (SHAM, n = 12), cecal ligation and puncture group (CLP, n = 30), GW501516 group (CLP+GW, n = 25), which underwent CLP and were subcutaneously injected with the PPAR-β/δ agonist GW501516 (0.05 mg/100 g body weight). Survival was monitored to 24 hours after operation. Blood pressure, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotrasferase and alanine aminotrasferase were measured after CLP. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β in serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Lung tissue samples were stained with H&E and scored according to the degree of inflammation. Bacterial colonies were counted in the peritoneal fluid. Alveolar macrophages were cultured and incubated with GW501516 (0.15 µmol/L) and PPARβ/δ adenovirus and then treated with Lipopolysaccharide (2 µg/ml) for 2 hours. The TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 RNA in lung and alveolar macrophages were determined by real-time PCR. Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in lung and alveolar macrophages was detected by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>GW501516 significantly increased the survival of septic rats, decreased histological damage of the lungs, reduced inflammatory cytokines in serum and lung tissues of septic rats and did not increase counts of peritoneal bacteria. In vitro, GW501516 and over-expression of PPARβ/δ attenuated gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in alveolar macrophages. Both in vivo and in vitro, PPARβ/δ inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PPARβ/δ plays a protective role in sepsis induced ALI via suppressing excessive inflammation.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Acute Lung Injury , Drug Therapy , Cells, Cultured , PPAR delta , Metabolism , PPAR-beta , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sepsis , Drug Therapy , Thiazoles , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Objective To compare the occurrence of postoperative pain after applying two diferent root canalsealers in root canal treatment.Methods A total of 400 teeth were randomly divided into two groups:group A using ZincOxide engenol(ZOE),group B using Cortisomol sealer.The occurrence of postoperative pain was evaluated chnically 24~72h after root filling.Results The diference in pain among the two groups were statistically significant after treatment.The group B caused minimum irritation and least pain among the two groups.Conclusions The root canal therapy using Cortisomol sealer can significantly reduce pain.
ABSTRACT
Objective To find a method of therapy for pregnancy acute periapical periodontitis patients,which has no effect on development of foetus and also make pregnant women exercise normal masticatory function.Methods When the teeth of pregnant women diagnosed definitely acute periapical periodontitis were asymptomatic,Using calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste for temporary stopping in root canal;then the teeth would be filled conventionally after delivery.Results The teeth of 20 pregnant women were all good,without pain of oneself,excitation and occlusion.All the pregnant women delivered normally and the mother and infant were all right.Conclusions Considering the safety of foetus,the temporary treatment of acute periapical diseases in pregnant women,using calcium hydroxide was safe and effective.